12660. (a) Any person who violates any provision of the securities law or the commodities law shall be liable for a civil penalty not to exceed twenty-five thousand dollars ($25,000) for each violation, which shall be assessed and recovered in a civil action brought in the name of the people of the State of California by the Attorney General in any court of competent jurisdiction.(b) As applied to the penalties for acts in violation of the securities law or the commodities law, the remedies provided by this section and by other sections of this article are not exclusive, and may be sought and employed in any combination to enforce the provisions of this article.(c) No action shall be maintained to enforce any liability created under subdivision (a) unless brought before the expiration of four years after the act or transaction constituting the violation.(Added by Stats. 2003, Ch. 876, Sec. 13. Effective January 1, 2004.)